Translation: The Undying Mortals lived in the east of Crosslegs. This is usually for names of mountains, rivers, seas and lakes while the same phonetic with an apostrophe separator is used for names of people, animals and plants.įor the names of countries, a more casual approach is adopted where the English name is intended to evoke the same images as suggested by the original by the Chinese name. Otherwise the Hanyu Pinyin phonetic is used. An example will be the Chinese word for 虎 which is generally accepted as tiger. Where there is a defined and equivalent English translation for a particular character or set of characters, that English translation is used, particularly for the names of certain plants and animals. If that is indeed the case, please do write to to inform me. While every effort has been made to check that the Chinese text and interpretation is meaningful with minimum or no deviation from the general understanding of the source text (including its numerous contradictions and mythical contents) today, there may be some errors and omissions due to my own oversight or my lack of access to the proper references. Some notes about the text in Shan Hai Jing: Shan Hai Jing (《山海经》) is a Chinese classical text that describes lands and seas, animals and plants, sometimes mythical or magical, as well as divine beings. Volume Eighteen: The Main Land Within the Seas / 卷十八 Volume Seventeen: Northern Distant Lands / 卷十七 Volume Sixteen: Western Distant Lands / 卷十六 Volume Fifteen: Southern Distant Lands / 卷十五 Volume Fourteen: Eastern Distant Lands / 卷十四 Volume Thirteen: Within the Seas – East / 卷十三 Volume Twelve: Within the Seas – North / 卷十二 Volume Eleven: Within the Seas – West / 卷十一 Volume Eight: Beyond the Seas – North / 卷八 Volume Seven: Beyond the Seas – West / 卷七
The author and the publisher shall not be liable nor responsible to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to have been caused directly or indirectly by the information and translation in this publication. Therefore, the text here should be used only as a casual reference of how one may interpret the material and not as an ultimate source of the subject matter covered. Another point to note is how the meanings of individual Chinese characters may have evolved over time from when the source was conceived to its numerous revisions and versions to the more common edition in use today. Plus, there may be mistakes or errors both typographically within the content itself and during the recording of the source content.
BOOK OF MOUNTAINS AND SEAS SHAN HAI JING PROFESSIONAL
If you require legal advice or other professional assistance, you should instead seek the services of a competent professional person or entity.Īs this is a casual translation of an ancient text where validation of the contents mentioned is not possible (unless one can travel back in time) and where many people have different interpretations and understanding, the vague nature of the subject means that there are many ways to interpret a particular line, and the translation offered here is just one suggested by the publisher and is not the true translation for the text concerned. It is conceptualized with the understanding that the author and publisher are not engaged in rendering legal, accounting or other professional services. This publication is intended as a casual English translation of the subject matter covered. Note that directions in this ancient text are arbitrary and there are many repetitions which are all reproduced in the translated text. Volume 18 is a summary of what could be found in the mainland. Volumes 6 to 9 focus on the people, animals and plants in the lands within the seas volumes 10 to 13 cover the same in the lands beyond the seas volumes 14 to 17 describe the people, celestials, plants and creatures in the distant lands. This casual translation covers volumes 6 to 18. The earliest known existence of the text was traced to the Jin dynasty (266 to 420 AD). Only 18 of the original 22 volumes exist today. Nevertheless, this is an interesting piece of natural history text. Some of these creatures and plants do not exist today as they are either probably mythical or extinct. Shan Hai Jing is a history text on geography that describes the animals and plants of the lands in and around today's China in ancient times. This is a translation of the text in volumes 6 to 18 of Shan Hai Jing (山海经).
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